/*******************************************************************/ /* WARNING */ /* This file should be identical in the Bartok and Singularity */ /* depots. Master copy resides in Bartok Depot. Changes should be */ /* made to Bartok Depot and propagated to Singularity Depot. */ /*******************************************************************/ // // Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. // namespace System.GCs { using System.Runtime.CompilerServices; using System.Threading; #if SINGULARITY using Microsoft.Singularity; using Microsoft.Singularity.X86; #endif #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL using Microsoft.Singularity.Scheduling; #endif internal class Transitions { // Synchronization among threads for GC: // // We keep an integer for each thread. // The possible values are: #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL // Thread is dormant or in unmanaged code and a GC would be ok [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int DormantState = 0x1; // Thread is running in managed code and not ready for GC [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int MutatorState = 0x2; // GC work is desired private const int GCRequest = 0x4; // Thread is under GC control private const int GCControl = 0x8; // Thread is dormant in the application space [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int OtherDormantState = 0x10; // Thread is running in the application space [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int OtherMutatorState = 0x20; // GC work is desired in the application space private const int OtherGCRequest = 0x40; // Application thread is under GC control private const int OtherGCControl = 0x80; #else // Thread is dormant or in unmanaged code and a GC would be ok [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int DormantState = 0x10; // Thread is running in managed code and not ready for GC [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int MutatorState = 0x20; // GC work is desired. Must be a power of 2. private const int GCRequest = 0x40; // Thread is under GC control. Must be a power of 2. private const int GCControl = 0x80; // Thread is dormant in the kernel space [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int OtherDormantState = 0x1; // Thread is running in the kernel space [AccessedByRuntime("Referenced in halforgc.asm")] private const int OtherMutatorState = 0x2; #endif // SINGULARITY_KERNEL internal static bool fInitializedRuntime; internal static void RuntimeInitialized() { fInitializedRuntime = true; } #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL [Inline] internal static unsafe void InitializeStatusWord(ref ThreadContext threadContext) { int oldValue, newValue; do { oldValue = threadContext.gcStates; newValue = ((oldValue|DormantState|OtherDormantState)& ~(MutatorState|GCRequest|GCControl| OtherMutatorState|OtherGCRequest|OtherGCControl)); } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref threadContext.gcStates, newValue, oldValue)); } #endif // Code outside of the GC will move threads between // MutatorState and DormantState. This should be done with // the TakeMutatorControl and TakeDormantControl methods. The // garbage collectors can request that they be notified when // threads go dormant. They do this by calling the // MakeGCRequests method. The TakeMutatorControl and // TakeDormantControl methods are then supposed to do the // right thing. [Inline] private static bool CompareAndSwap(ref int word, int newValue, int oldValue) { return (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref word, newValue, oldValue) == oldValue); } #region Transition Methods (Methods corresponding to macro transitions) // To be called when a thread is created internal static void NewThreadNotification(int newThreadIndex, bool initial) { #if SINGULARITY_PROCESS if (initial) { VTable.Assert(InMutatorState(newThreadIndex)); return; } #endif VTable.Assert(InDormantState(newThreadIndex)); } // To be called when a thread is terminated/terminating internal static void DeadThreadNotification(int deadThreadIndex) { VTable.Assert(Thread.threadTable[deadThreadIndex] == null); VTable.Assert(InDormantState(deadThreadIndex)); if (Transitions.HasGCRequest(deadThreadIndex)) { GC.ThreadDormantGCNotification(deadThreadIndex); } } #if SINGULARITY #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL // To be called at the beginning of a thread internal static unsafe void ThreadStart() { ThreadContext *currentThreadContext = Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); TakeMutatorControlNoGC(currentThreadContext); } #else // To be called at the beginning of a thread internal static unsafe void ThreadStart() { ThreadContext *currentThreadContext = Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); // The thread has been started in the kernel. We need // to ensure that the transition to application space // is completed properly. EnsureMutatorControlNoGC(currentThreadContext); } #endif #else // SINGULARITY // To be called at the beginning of a thread internal static void ThreadStart(int currentThreadIndex) { VTable.Assert(InDormantState(currentThreadIndex)); TakeMutatorControlNoGC(currentThreadIndex); } #endif // SINGULARITY // To be called at the end of a thread internal static void ThreadEnd(int currentThreadIndex) { VTable.Assert(InMutatorState(currentThreadIndex)); TakeDormantControl(currentThreadIndex); } #if SINGULARITY [AccessedByRuntime("called from halforgc.asm")] internal static unsafe void LeaveManagedSpace(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { TransferMutatorControl(currentThreadContext); } // To be used for returning from calls to outside managed space [AccessedByRuntime("called from halforgc.asm")] [Inline] internal static unsafe void ReturnToManagedSpace(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { EnsureMutatorControl(currentThreadContext); } #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL [AccessedByRuntime("called from halforgc.asm")] internal static unsafe void SuspendThread(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { TakeDormantControl(currentThreadContext); } [AccessedByRuntime("called from halforgc.asm")] internal static unsafe void ReviveThread(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { TakeMutatorControl(currentThreadContext); } #endif // SINGULARITY_KERNEL #else // SINGULARITY // To be used for calls to outside managed space [AccessedByRuntime("called from halforgc.asm")] [Inline] [ManualRefCounts] internal static void LeaveManagedSpace(Thread currentThread) { TakeDormantControl(currentThread.threadIndex); } // To be used for returning from calls to outside managed space [AccessedByRuntime("called from halforgc.asm")] [Inline] internal static Thread ReturnToManagedSpace(int currentThreadIndex) { TakeMutatorControl(currentThreadIndex); return Thread.threadTable[currentThreadIndex]; } #endif // SINGULARITY // For the LoadFunction stub for PInvoke methods [RequiredByBartok] internal static void EnterLoadFunctionStub() { TakeMutatorControl(Thread.GetCurrentThreadIndex()); } // For the LoadFunction stub for PInvoke methods [RequiredByBartok] internal static void LeaveLoadFunctionStub() { TakeDormantControl(Thread.GetCurrentThreadIndex()); } #endregion internal static void MakeGCRequests(int excludedThreadIndex) { int limit = Thread.threadTable.Length; for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) { if (Thread.threadTable[i] != null && i != excludedThreadIndex) { MakeGCRequest(i); } } } #region Helper Functions (Independent of where statusWord is) [Inline] private static bool fInDormantState(int statusWord) { return ((statusWord & DormantState) != 0); } [Inline] private static bool fInMutatorState(int statusWord) { return ((statusWord & MutatorState) != 0); } [Inline] private static bool fHasGCRequest(int statusWord) { return ((statusWord & GCRequest) != 0); } [Inline] private static bool fUnderGCControl(int statusWord) { return ((statusWord & GCControl) != 0); } [Inline] private static void TakeDormantControl(ref int statusWord, int threadIndex) { VTable.Assert(fInMutatorState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fInDormantState(statusWord)); int oldValue, newValue; do { oldValue = statusWord; newValue = (oldValue|DormantState) & ~MutatorState; } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newValue, oldValue)); if (fHasGCRequest(newValue)) { GC.ThreadDormantGCNotification(threadIndex); } } [Inline] private static void TakeDormantControlNoGC(ref int statusWord) { VTable.Assert(fInMutatorState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fInDormantState(statusWord)); int oldValue, newValue; do { oldValue = statusWord; newValue = (oldValue|DormantState) & ~MutatorState; } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newValue, oldValue)); } [Inline] private static void TransferMutatorControl(ref int statusWord, int threadIndex) { if (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, DormantState|OtherMutatorState, MutatorState|OtherDormantState)) { TakeDormantControl(ref statusWord, threadIndex); } } [Inline] private static void EnsureMutatorControl(ref int statusWord, int currentThreadIndex) { if (!fInMutatorState(statusWord)) { TakeMutatorControl(ref statusWord, currentThreadIndex); } VTable.Deny(fInDormantState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fUnderGCControl(statusWord)); } [Inline] private static void EnsureMutatorControlNoGC(ref int statusWord, int currentThreadIndex) { if (!fInMutatorState(statusWord)) { TakeMutatorControlNoGC(ref statusWord, currentThreadIndex); } VTable.Deny(fInDormantState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fUnderGCControl(statusWord)); } #if SINGULARITY [AccessedByRuntime("referenced from halasm.asm")] [NoStackLinkCheck] internal static unsafe void RestoreMutatorControlIfNeeded() { ThreadContext *currentThreadContext = Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); if (!Transitions.InMutatorState(currentThreadContext)) { // NOTE: There is a window where OtherMutatorControl may be // set simultaneously with OtherGCRequest. When clearing // OtherMutatorControl and setting OtherDormantControl, the // normal thing to do is to check for a GC request, but in // this case it doesn't matter as this code is only run // when an kernel exception is supposed to pass over an // application stack segment. int oldValue, newValue; do { oldValue = currentThreadContext->gcStates; if (fUnderGCControl(oldValue)) { Thread.WaitForGCEvent(currentThreadContext->threadIndex); } newValue = ((oldValue|MutatorState|OtherDormantState) & ~(DormantState|OtherMutatorState)); } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref currentThreadContext->gcStates, newValue, oldValue)); } } #endif [Inline] private static void TakeMutatorControl(ref int statusWord, int currentThreadIndex) { if (!SwitchToMutatorState(ref statusWord)) { TakeMutatorControlSlow(ref statusWord, currentThreadIndex); } VTable.Assert(fInMutatorState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fInDormantState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fUnderGCControl(statusWord)); } [Inline] private static void TakeMutatorControlNoGC(ref int statusWord, int currentThreadIndex) { if (!SwitchToMutatorState(ref statusWord)) { TakeMutatorControlSlowNoGC(ref statusWord, currentThreadIndex); } VTable.Assert(fInMutatorState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fInDormantState(statusWord)); VTable.Deny(fUnderGCControl(statusWord)); } [NoInline] [StackLinkCheck] private static void TakeMutatorControlSlow(ref int statusWord, int currentThreadIndex) { while (true) { if (SwitchToMutatorState(ref statusWord)) { break; } if (SwitchToMutatorStateWithGCRequest(ref statusWord)) { Thread currentThread = Thread.threadTable[currentThreadIndex]; GC.InvokeCollection(currentThread); break; } if (fUnderGCControl(statusWord)) { Thread.WaitForGCEvent(currentThreadIndex); } } } [NoInline] [StackLinkCheck] private static void TakeMutatorControlSlowNoGC(ref int statusWord, int currentThreadIndex) { while (true) { if (SwitchToMutatorState(ref statusWord)) { break; } if (SwitchToMutatorStateWithGCRequest(ref statusWord)) { // Do not call the GC, even though a GC handshake // has been requested. break; } if (fUnderGCControl(statusWord)) { Thread.WaitForGCEvent(currentThreadIndex); } } } [Inline] private static bool SwitchToMutatorState(ref int statusWord) { VTable.Deny(fInMutatorState(statusWord), "Thread is already under mutator control"); VTable.Assert(fInDormantState(statusWord)); int oldValue = statusWord & ~(GCRequest|GCControl); int newValue = (oldValue|MutatorState) & ~DormantState; return CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newValue, oldValue); } [Inline] private static bool SwitchToMutatorStateWithGCRequest(ref int statusWord) { int oldValue = ((statusWord|DormantState|GCRequest) & ~GCControl); int newValue = (oldValue|MutatorState) & ~DormantState; return CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newValue, oldValue); } [Inline] private static bool TakeGCControl(ref int statusWord) { int oldValue, newValue; do { oldValue = statusWord; if (!fInDormantState(oldValue) || !fHasGCRequest(oldValue) || fUnderGCControl(oldValue)) { return false; } newValue = oldValue|GCControl; } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newValue, oldValue)); return true; } [Inline] private static void ReleaseGCControl(ref int statusWord, int threadIndex) { VTable.Assert(fInDormantState(statusWord)); VTable.Assert(fHasGCRequest(statusWord)); VTable.Assert(fUnderGCControl(statusWord)); // There is only one possible transition out of this state. int oldValue, newValue; do { oldValue = statusWord; newValue = ((oldValue|DormantState)& ~(MutatorState|GCRequest|GCControl)); } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newValue, oldValue)); Thread.SignalGCEvent(threadIndex); } private static void MakeGCRequest(ref int statusWord, int threadIndex) { #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL if (Scheduler.IsIdleThread(threadIndex)) { return; } #endif int oldStatus, newStatus; do { oldStatus = statusWord; newStatus = oldStatus|GCRequest; } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newStatus, oldStatus)); } private static void ClearGCRequest(ref int statusWord, int threadIndex) { VTable.Assert(fHasGCRequest(statusWord)); VTable.Assert(fInMutatorState(statusWord)); int oldStatus, newStatus; do { oldStatus = statusWord; newStatus = (oldStatus & ~GCRequest); } while (!CompareAndSwap(ref statusWord, newStatus, oldStatus)); } #endregion #if SINGULARITY [Inline] private static unsafe ThreadContext *GetCurrentThreadContext(int currentThreadIndex) { VTable.Assert(GetThreadContext(currentThreadIndex) == Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext()); return Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); } [Inline] private static unsafe ThreadContext *GetThreadContext(int threadIndex) { Thread thread = Thread.threadTable[threadIndex]; if (thread == null) { return null; } else { #if SINGULARITY_KERNEL fixed (ThreadContext *result = &thread.context) { return result; } #else return thread.context; #endif } } #endif #region Dependent (Methods depending on location of the status word) #if SINGULARITY [PreInitRefCounts] internal static void Initialize() { } // To be used for callbacks into managed space [RequiredByBartok] [Inline] internal static unsafe void EntryIntoManagedSpace() { ThreadContext *currentThreadContext = Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); EnsureMutatorControl(currentThreadContext); } // To be used for returning from a callback into managed space [RequiredByBartok] [Inline] internal static unsafe void ReturnFromManagedSpace() { ThreadContext *currentThreadContext = Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); TransferMutatorControl(currentThreadContext); } // To be used for returning from a callback into managed space // from another managed space that doesn't want the automatic // transition back to its mutator state. [RequiredByBartok] [Inline] internal static unsafe void ReturnFromManagedSpaceNoCallerTransition() { ThreadContext *currentThreadContext = Processor.GetCurrentThreadContext(); TakeDormantControl(currentThreadContext); } [Inline] internal static unsafe bool InDormantState(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); return (threadContext == null || fInDormantState(threadContext->gcStates)); } [Inline] internal static unsafe bool InMutatorState(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); return InMutatorState(threadContext); } [Inline] internal static unsafe bool InMutatorState(ThreadContext *threadContext) { return (threadContext != null && fInMutatorState(threadContext->gcStates)); } [Inline] internal static unsafe bool HasGCRequest(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); return (threadContext != null && fHasGCRequest(threadContext->gcStates)); } [Inline] internal static unsafe bool UnderGCControl(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); return (threadContext != null && fUnderGCControl(threadContext->gcStates)); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeDormantControl(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); TakeDormantControl(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeDormantControl(ThreadContext *threadContext) { TakeDormantControl(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadContext->threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeDormantControlNoGC(int currentThreadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetCurrentThreadContext(currentThreadIndex); TakeDormantControlNoGC(ref threadContext->gcStates); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeMutatorControl(int currentThreadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetCurrentThreadContext(currentThreadIndex); TakeMutatorControl(threadContext); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeMutatorControlNoGC(int currentThreadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetCurrentThreadContext(currentThreadIndex); TakeMutatorControlNoGC(threadContext); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeMutatorControl(ThreadContext *threadContext) { TakeMutatorControl(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadContext->threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TakeMutatorControlNoGC(ThreadContext *threadContext) { TakeMutatorControlNoGC(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadContext->threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void TransferMutatorControl(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { TransferMutatorControl(ref currentThreadContext->gcStates, currentThreadContext->threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void EnsureMutatorControl(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { EnsureMutatorControl(ref currentThreadContext->gcStates, currentThreadContext->threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void EnsureMutatorControlNoGC(ThreadContext *currentThreadContext) { EnsureMutatorControlNoGC(ref currentThreadContext->gcStates, currentThreadContext->threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void EnsureDormantControl(int currentThreadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetCurrentThreadContext(currentThreadIndex); if (!fInDormantState(threadContext->gcStates)) { TakeDormantControlNoGC(ref threadContext->gcStates); } } [Inline] internal static unsafe bool TakeGCControl(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); return (threadContext != null && TakeGCControl(ref threadContext->gcStates)); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void ReleaseGCControl(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); ReleaseGCControl(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static unsafe void MakeGCRequest(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); if (threadContext != null) { MakeGCRequest(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadIndex); } } [Inline] internal static unsafe void ClearGCRequest(int threadIndex) { ThreadContext *threadContext = GetThreadContext(threadIndex); if (threadContext != null) { ClearGCRequest(ref threadContext->gcStates, threadIndex); } } #else private static int[] gcReadyTable; [PreInitRefCounts] internal static void Initialize() { // gcReadyTable = new int[Thread.maxThreads]; gcReadyTable = (int[]) GCs.BootstrapMemory.Allocate(typeof(int[]), Thread.maxThreads); for (int i = 0; i < gcReadyTable.Length; i++) { gcReadyTable[i] = DormantState; } } // To be used for callbacks into managed space [RequiredByBartok] [Inline] internal static void EntryIntoManagedSpace() { int currentThreadIndex = Thread.GetCurrentThreadIndex(); TakeMutatorControl(currentThreadIndex); } // To be used for returning from a callback into managed space [RequiredByBartok] [Inline] internal static void ReturnFromManagedSpace() { TakeDormantControl(Thread.GetCurrentThreadIndex()); } [RequiredByBartok] [Inline] internal static void ReturnFromManagedSpaceNoCallerTransition() { TakeDormantControl(Thread.GetCurrentThreadIndex()); } [Inline] internal static bool InDormantState(int threadIndex) { return fInDormantState(gcReadyTable[threadIndex]); } [Inline] internal static bool InMutatorState(int threadIndex) { return fInMutatorState(gcReadyTable[threadIndex]); } [Inline] internal static bool HasGCRequest(int threadIndex) { return fHasGCRequest(gcReadyTable[threadIndex]); } [Inline] internal static bool UnderGCControl(int threadIndex) { return fUnderGCControl(gcReadyTable[threadIndex]); } [Inline] internal static void TakeDormantControl(int currentThreadIndex) { TakeDormantControl(ref gcReadyTable[currentThreadIndex], currentThreadIndex); } [Inline] internal static void TakeDormantControlNoGC(int currentThreadIndex) { TakeDormantControlNoGC(ref gcReadyTable[currentThreadIndex]); } [Inline] internal static void TakeMutatorControl(int currentThreadIndex) { TakeMutatorControl(ref gcReadyTable[currentThreadIndex], currentThreadIndex); } [Inline] internal static void TakeMutatorControlNoGC(int currentThreadIndex) { TakeMutatorControlNoGC(ref gcReadyTable[currentThreadIndex], currentThreadIndex); } [Inline] internal static bool TakeGCControl(int threadIndex) { return TakeGCControl(ref gcReadyTable[threadIndex]); } [Inline] internal static void ReleaseGCControl(int threadIndex) { ReleaseGCControl(ref gcReadyTable[threadIndex], threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static void MakeGCRequest(int threadIndex) { MakeGCRequest(ref gcReadyTable[threadIndex], threadIndex); } [Inline] internal static void ClearGCRequest(int threadIndex) { ClearGCRequest(ref gcReadyTable[threadIndex], threadIndex); } #endif #endregion } }